Generolo Jono Žemaičio Lietuvos karo akademija

Obstacles alone may not be sufficient to stop or destroy a target completely, but they can degrade its mobility. This helps to make firepower more effective. This study examines when using both counter-mobility measures (CM) and firepower effects (JF) together yields greater effectiveness than using them separately. Monte Carlo simulations in MATLAB 2025a were used to compare CM, JF, and CM+JF. The comparison is based on the probability of detection (PD) and the weapon system availability rate (WSAR). Synergy is measured in two ways: (i) Ddiff, which shows how many more targets are destroyed with CM+JF compared to using CM and JF separately, and (ii) the index S, which shows the total effect of CM+JF compared to the sum of the CM and JF effects. The results showed positive synergy in most cases, with 44 of the 50 combinations having a positive lower bound for the 95% confidence intervals of Ddiff.

This study evaluates the spatial uniformity of minefields established by different minelaying methods using discrepancy-based metrics. Scatterable, row-based, and quasi-random layouts were compared in a common 200 × 200 m area for mine counts of 60, 120, and 180. Spatial quality was assessed using star discrepancy and 𝐿2-star discrepancy. The results showed that scatterable minefields achieved the highest discrepancy values, while row-based layouts performed substantially better. The most favorable results were obtained for quasi-random layouts generated by the Halton and Hammersley sequences, with the Hammersley sequence producing the lowest discrepancy overall. The findings support the use of discrepancy as an objective tool for evaluating UAV-assisted minelaying.