Generolo Jono Žemaičio Lietuvos karo akademija

The transformation of the modern battlespace, defined by pervasive surveillance and precision-strike lethality, has fundamentally reshaped tactical logistical requirements. Last-mile logistics represents a critical vulnerability in high-intensity conflicts, where conventional crewed resupply is hindered by prohibitive risks and operational friction. The paradigm of Distributed Logistics in Contested Environments (DLCE) demands the integration of uncrewed and autonomous systems capable of penetrating Anti-Access/Area Denial envelopes under severe electronic warfare conditions. Nevertheless, a doctrinal gap remains in uncrewed aerial system (UAS) classification for logistics, existing North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) and the United States Department of Defense frameworks, primarily focused on mass and Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) capabilities, overlook logistical imperatives such as payload efficiency and specialized cargo requirements. This article evaluates current classification constraints and introduces the functionally oriented Military Logistics UAS Taxonomy (UAS-L). Through Multi-Criteria Decision-Making and tactical scenario validation, the study identifies optimal operational modalities for uncrewed and hybrid logistical architectures in near-peer conflicts.

The paper addresses the introduction of predictive maintenance for military ground equipment under field conditions through assisted diagnostics and remote expert collaboration. It proposes a “field-level PdM” process–data framework linking on-site evidence capture, standardized recording of maintenance events, and subsequent analytics, including remaining useful life (RUL) prognostics. The approach is examined via scenario-based pilot testing that evaluates time to fault identification, record quality, and robustness under degraded connectivity. Expected outcomes include reduced downtime, improved asset availability, and enhanced data readiness for PdM analyses. The discussion situates the approach within current initiatives of the Czech Armed Forces and highlights ergonomic and safety considerations associated with long-term use of hands-free devices. The study provides a basis for further operational and economic assessment.