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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cndcgs</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Challenges to national defence in contemporary geopolitical situation</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2538-8959</issn>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">2669-2023</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>LKA</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">138__VOZNAK</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47459/cndcgs.2026.138</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>The Transformation of the Combined Arms Principle in a Multidomain Operational Environment: Implications for the Training of Mechanized Units</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>VOZŃÁK</surname>
            <given-names>Ondřej</given-names>
          </name>
          <email xlink:href="mailto:ondrej.voznak@unob.cz">ondrej.voznak@unob.cz</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="j_cndcgs_aff_000"/>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">∗</xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="j_cndcgs_aff_000">Department of Combined Arms Tactics, Faculty of Military Leadership, University of Defence, Czech Republic</aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="cor1"><label>∗</label>Corresponding author.</corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <volume>2026</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>1188</fpage>
      <lpage>1196</lpage>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>14</day>
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access">
          <license-p>Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY)</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <p>The emergence of multidomain operations (MDO) challenges traditional principles of land warfare, particularly the combined arms principle. Although MDO dominates contemporary doctrinal and academic debates, its relationship to foundational land combat principles remains insufficiently conceptualized. This article examines how the combined arms principle is transformed within a multidomain operational environment and assesses implications for training mechanized units. Using a conceptual-analytical approach grounded in doctrinal analysis and military theory, the article argues that combined arms integration retains relevance but shifts toward cross-domain effects integration, producing significant consequences for command, decision-making, and training design in modern land forces and operational force development.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <label>Keywords</label>
        <kwd>Multidomain Operations</kwd>
        <kwd>Combined Arms</kwd>
        <kwd>Land Warfare</kwd>
        <kwd>Command and Decision-Making</kwd>
        <kwd>Military Training and Education</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
