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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cndcgs</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Challenges to national defence in contemporary geopolitical situation</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2538-8959</issn>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">2669-2023</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>LKA</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">17_2026_SEDLACEK</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47459/cndcgs.2026.17</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Experimental Verification of the Effectiveness of a Water Charge in Engineer Support Tasks</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>SEDLÁČEK</surname>
            <given-names>Martin</given-names>
          </name>
          <email xlink:href="mailto:martin.sedlacek@unob.cz">martin.sedlacek@unob.cz</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="j_cndcgs_aff_000"/>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">∗</xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="j_cndcgs_aff_000">Department of Fire Support, Faculty of Military Leadership, University of Defence, Czech Republic</aff>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>ŽIŽKA</surname>
            <given-names>Pavel</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="j_cndcgs_aff_001"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="j_cndcgs_aff_001">Department of Fire Support, Faculty of Military Leadership, University of Defence, Czech Republic</aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="cor1"><label>∗</label>Corresponding author.</corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <volume>2026</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>150</fpage>
      <lpage>157</lpage>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>01</day>
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access">
          <license-p>Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY)</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <p>The study evaluates the effectiveness of water charges for engineer support and EOD operations. These charges combine a small explosive with water to achieve controlled disruption of objects while minimizing collateral damage. The experiments focused on opening wooden crates using detonating cord and 550 ml of water. At least three segments of NP V detonating cord were required to successfully release the closures. The method enables safe inspection of the contents without their complete destruction. Although the results are promising, the procedures are not yet incorporated into the regulations of the Czech Armed Forces and require further research on different configurations.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <label>Keywords</label>
        <kwd>detonating cord</kwd>
        <kwd>engineer support</kwd>
        <kwd>explosive ordnance disposal</kwd>
        <kwd>PETN</kwd>
        <kwd>survivability</kwd>
        <kwd>water charge</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
