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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cndcgs</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Challenges to national defence in contemporary geopolitical situation</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2538-8959</issn>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">2669-2023</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>LKA</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">40_CNDCGS.2022_322-330</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47459/cndcgs.2022.40</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Aspects of Economic Warfare – Causes and Consequences</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>KRC</surname>
            <given-names>Miroslav</given-names>
          </name>
          <email xlink:href="mailto:miroslav.krc@unob.cz">miroslav.krc@unob.cz</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="j_cndcgs_aff_000"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="j_cndcgs_aff_000">Department of Resource Management, University of Defence, Czech Republic</aff>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>HYNKOVA</surname>
            <given-names>Vendula</given-names>
          </name>
          <email xlink:href="mailto:vendula.hynkova@ambis.cz">vendula.hynkova@ambis.cz</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="j_cndcgs_aff_001"/>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor2">∗∗</xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="j_cndcgs_aff_001">Department of Economics and Management, Ambis College, Czech Republic</aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="cor2"><label>∗∗</label>Corresponding author.</corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <volume>2022</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>322</fpage>
      <lpage>330</lpage>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>19</day>
        <month>12</month>
        <year>2022</year>
      </pub-date>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access">
          <license-p>Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY)</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <p>This paper is partly devoted to defining economic warfare and its position in the system of international relations. The role of economic warfare in shaping internal and external policies of s country is described in selected examples using the historical-logical method. The article provides a typology of the elements of trade warfare. Based on the analysis of selected determinants, the latest facts of trade warfare after the year 2015 are analysed. The treatise concludes: a trade war in one sector of the economy may spread into other sectors, whereas economic warfare is a priori waged against an economy.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <label>Keywords</label>
        <kwd>economic warfare</kwd>
        <kwd>economic sanctions</kwd>
        <kwd>globalization</kwd>
        <kwd>war</kwd>
        <kwd>war conflict</kwd>
        <kwd>economic measures</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
